官方列出的全球镜像源：https://www.debian.org/mirror/list.zh-cn.html
修改源
注意：
在改为国内源后，如果update或upgrade时，会提示“由于没有公钥，无法验证下列签名”，解决办法是安装debian-archive-keyring即可。
sudo apt-get install debian-archive-keyring
然后运行apt update和apt upgrade即可。
vim /etc/apt/sources.list
以下为debian 12.0版本的源，需根据自己版本调整。
推荐伯克利的镜像源：
deb https://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/debian bookworm contrib main non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/debian bookworm contrib main non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/debian bookworm-backports contrib main non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/debian bookworm-backports contrib main non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/debian bookworm-updates contrib main non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/debian bookworm-updates contrib main non-free non-free-firmware
美国的一些源：
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
阿里云源
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
清华大学源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
中科大源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
网易源
deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
腾讯云源
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
更新源
apt update
====================================================================================
安装 nvidia 驱动
配置源文件，nvidia 驱动需要启用 contrib 和 non-free 分支 ，你也可以直接复制下面这个清华大学镜像源
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmwaredeb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmwaredeb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
2.刷新源
apt update
3.安装 headers 和 dkms
apt install linux-headers-amd64 dkms
4.安装nvidia驱动
apt install nvidia-driver firmware-misc-nonfree
这样就安装好了，至于禁用 nouveau 驱动不用特别处理，官方的包都已经自动帮你配置好了，安装过程你只需要敲一次回车确认会帮你禁用的，然后重启，就能使用nvidia驱动了